Share of people who speak English less than 'well' (the Census Bureau's 'not well' or 'not at all' categories) among residents aged 5–17, 18–64 and 65 and over, and among all people aged 5 and over. People who speak only English are not in the limited-English group. From the American Community Survey 2025 1-year estimates (survey estimates with margins of error, larger in small states). Percentages are derived by Quadranac from the published counts. The Census Bureau did not publish this detailed table for some smaller states in the 2025 1-year release (its data-quality filtering), so they are blank.
Limited English, ages 5 and over (%, derived), 2025, sorted high to low. 47 areas ranked by Limited English, ages 5 and over (%, derived). Highest: California (8.4); lowest: Maine (0.6); national value 4.2. Not shown (not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release): Montana, Vermont, West Virginia, Wyoming. Full data in the table below.Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Ages 5–17 (%, derived), 2025, sorted high to low. 47 areas ranked by Ages 5–17 (%, derived). Highest: New York (3.3); lowest: District of Columbia (0.2); national value 1.7. Not shown (not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release): Montana, Vermont, West Virginia, Wyoming. Full data in the table below.Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Ages 18–64 (%, derived), 2025, sorted high to low. 47 areas ranked by Ages 18–64 (%, derived). Highest: California (8.3); lowest: Maine (0.6); national value 4.5. Not shown (not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release): Montana, Vermont, West Virginia, Wyoming. Full data in the table below.Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Ages 65 and over (%, derived), 2025, sorted high to low. 47 areas ranked by Ages 65 and over (%, derived). Highest: California (14.2); lowest: Alabama (0.4); national value 5.2. Not shown (not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release): Montana, Vermont, West Virginia, Wyoming. Full data in the table below.Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
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United States
4.2
1.7
4.5
5.2
Alabama
1.1
0.5
1.5
0.4
Alaska
1.2
0.3
1.3
1.9
Arizona
4
1.9
4.7
3.7
Arkansas
1.4
0.8
1.8
0.6
California
8.4
2.5
8.3
14.2
Colorado
2.6
1.3
3
2.2
Connecticut
3.7
1.8
3.7
4.8
Delaware
2.8
2.7
3.4
1.1
District of Columbia
2.1
0.2
2.5
1.9
Florida
6.7
2.4
7.3
7.7
Georgia
2.8
1.1
3.3
2.4
Hawaii
3.5
0.9
3.1
6.3
Idaho
1.6
0.5
1.9
1.6
Illinois
4.3
2.1
4.5
5.3
Indiana
1.9
0.8
2.5
1.1
Iowa
1.9
0.9
2.6
1
Kansas
2.5
1.4
3.2
1.6
Kentucky
1.5
0.8
2
0.6
Louisiana
1.8
1
2.3
1
Maine
0.6
0.2
0.6
0.6
Maryland
3.5
1.8
4
3.6
Massachusetts
5.1
2.1
5.3
6.5
Michigan
1.5
0.8
1.7
1.8
Minnesota
1.9
0.9
2.2
1.8
Mississippi
0.8
0.3
1
0.6
Missouri
1
0.8
1.2
0.9
Montana
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
Nebraska
2.8
1.4
3.6
1.9
Nevada
4.9
1.3
5.7
5.3
New Hampshire
1
0.3
1.1
1.1
New Jersey
6.8
2.6
7.4
8.5
New Mexico
4
1.7
4.6
4.2
New York
6.8
3.3
6.5
10.4
North Carolina
2.7
1.2
3.4
1.6
North Dakota
0.8
0.6
0.8
1
Ohio
1.3
1
1.5
1.1
Oklahoma
1.8
0.6
2.2
1.5
Oregon
2.8
1.7
3.2
2.4
Pennsylvania
2.3
1.1
2.5
2.5
Rhode Island
4.6
1.6
4.9
5.8
South Carolina
1.7
1.2
2.1
0.8
South Dakota
0.9
0.6
1.2
0.4
Tennessee
1.9
1.1
2.5
0.8
Texas
6.2
2.8
6.5
8.7
Utah
2.6
1
3.1
2.7
Vermont
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
Virginia
2.5
1.3
2.6
2.9
Washington
3.8
1.9
4.1
4.5
West Virginia
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
Wisconsin
1.5
0.8
1.8
1.2
Wyoming
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
not published by the Census Bureau for this state in the 2025 1-year release
American Community Survey 2025 1-year estimates, Table B16004: Age by language spoken at home by ability to speak English for the population 5 years and over
Limited English by age group by state (United States, 2025). Data: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2025 1-year estimates, Table B16004: Age by language spoken at home by ability to speak English for the population 5 years and over. Retrieved 2026-11-14 via Quadranac, https://quadranac.com/tables/us-english-ability-by-age/
